更新合约文档，翻译为中文以增强可读性，包括 AccessControl、Ownable、ERC20 和 IERC20 的相关说明。修正了一些注释以确保准确性和一致性。

Co-authored-by: Hadrien Croubois <hadrien.croubois@gmail.com>

.changeset/all-geese-stand.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'openzeppelin-solidity': patch
+---
+
+Add constructors to the different signers.

.changeset/beige-buses-drop.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': patch
----
-
-`Initializable`: optimize `_disableInitializers` by using `!=` instead of `<`. ([#3787](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3787))

.changeset/clean-ways-push.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
+---
+
+`AccountERC7579`: Extension of `Account` that implements support for ERC-7579 modules of type executor, validator, and fallback handler.

.changeset/curvy-shrimps-enjoy.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
----
-
-`ReentrancyGuard`: Add a `_reentrancyGuardEntered` function to expose the guard status. ([#3714](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3714))

.changeset/curvy-suns-sort.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': patch
----
-
-`Ownable2Step`: make `acceptOwnership` public virtual to enable usecases that require overriding it. ([#3960](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3960))

.changeset/dull-students-eat.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
+---
+
+`Memory`: Add library with utilities to manipulate memory

.changeset/early-oranges-raise.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
----
-
-`ERC721Wrapper`: add a new extension of the `ERC721` token which wraps an underlying token. Deposit and withdraw guarantee that the ownership of each token is backed by a corresponding underlying token with the same identifier.

.changeset/eight-radios-check.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
+---
+
+`Checkpoints`: Add a new checkpoint variant `Checkpoint256` using `uint256` type for the value and key.

.changeset/famous-rules-burn.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
----
-
-`EnumerableMap`: add a `keys()` function that returns an array containing all the keys. ([#3920](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3920))

.changeset/fine-frogs-bake.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
+---
+
+`EnumerableMap`: Add `keys(uint256,uint256)` that returns a subset (slice) of the keys in the map.

.changeset/five-ducks-develop.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': patch
----
-
-`UUPSUpgradeable.sol`: Change visibility to the functions `upgradeTo ` and `upgradeToAndCall ` from `external` to `public`.

.changeset/five-poets-mix.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': patch
----
-
-`TimelockController`: Add the `CallSalt` event to emit on operation schedule.

.changeset/flat-deers-end.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
----
-
-`Governor`: add a public `cancel(uint256)` function.

.changeset/four-bats-sniff.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
----
-
-`Governor`: Enable timestamp operation for blockchains without a stable block time. This is achieved by connecting a Governor's internal clock to match a voting token's EIP-6372 interface.

.changeset/full-ways-help.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
+---
+
+`EIP7702Utils`: Add a library for checking if an address has an EIP-7702 delegation in place.

.changeset/funny-rockets-compete.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': patch
----
-
-Reformatted codebase with latest version of Prettier Solidity. ([#3898](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3898))

.changeset/funny-years-yawn.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
+---
+
+`Account`: Added a simple ERC-4337 account implementation with minimal logic to process user operations.

.changeset/gold-chicken-clean.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
----
-
-`Strings`: add `equal` method. ([#3774](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3774))

.changeset/happy-socks-travel.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
----
-
-`IERC5313`: Add an interface for EIP-5313 that is now final.

.changeset/healthy-squids-stare.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': patch
----
-
-`Math`: optimize `log256` rounding check. ([#3745](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3745))

.changeset/hot-grapes-lie.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
+---
+
+`EnumerableSet`: Add `values(uint256,uint256)` that returns a subset (slice) of the values in the set.

.changeset/lazy-poets-cheer.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
+---
+
+`SignerERC7702`: Implementation of `AbstractSigner` for Externally Owned Accounts (EOAs). Useful with ERC-7702.

.changeset/lemon-dogs-kiss.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': patch
----
-
-`ERC20Votes`: optimize by using unchecked arithmetic. ([#3748](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3748))

.changeset/little-kiwis-ring.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': patch
----
-
-`Multicall`: annotate `multicall` function as upgrade safe to not raise a flag for its delegatecall. ([#3961](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3961))

.changeset/long-hornets-mate.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
+---
+
+`EnumerableMap`: Add support for `BytesToBytesMap` type.

.changeset/lovely-dragons-appear.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
----
-
-`IERC4906`: Add an interface for ERC-4906 that is now Final.

.changeset/lucky-donuts-scream.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
+---
+
+`ERC7739`: An abstract contract to validate signatures following the rehashing scheme from `ERC7739Utils`.

.changeset/major-feet-write.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
+---
+
+`Bytes`: Add `reverseBytes32`, `reverseBytes16`, `reverseBytes8`, `reverseBytes4`, and `reverseBytes2` functions to reverse byte order for converting between little-endian and big-endian representations.

.changeset/many-panthers-hide.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
----
-
-`TransparentUpgradeableProxy`: support value passthrough for all ifAdmin function.

.changeset/modern-games-exist.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
----
-
-`StorageSlot`: Add support for `string` and `bytes`.

.changeset/new-days-tease.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
+---
+
+`Strings`: Add `toHexString(bytes)`.

.changeset/new-ways-own.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': patch
----
-
-`ERC20Pausable`, `ERC721Pausable`, `ERC1155Pausable`: Add note regarding missing public pausing functionality

.changeset/nice-rings-wish.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
+---
+
+`ERC7913P256Verifier` and `ERC7913RSAVerifier`: Ready to use ERC-7913 verifiers that implement key verification for P256 (secp256r1) and RSA keys.

.changeset/ninety-hornets-kick.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
----
-
-`Votes`, `ERC20Votes`, `ERC721Votes`: support timestamp checkpointing using EIP-6372.

.changeset/perfect-insects-listen.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
----
-
-`ERC4626`: Add mitigation to the inflation attack through virtual shares and assets.

.changeset/pink-dolls-shop.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
+---
+
+`EnumerableSet`: Add support for `StringSet` and `BytesSet` types.

.changeset/popular-geese-tan.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
+---
+
+`GovernorNoncesKeyed`: Extension of `Governor` that adds support for keyed nonces when voting by sig.

.changeset/pretty-hornets-play.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
----
-
-`Strings`: add `toString` method for signed integers. ([#3773](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3773))

.changeset/proud-comics-deliver.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
----
-
-`ERC20Wrapper`: Make the `underlying` variable private and add a public accessor.

.changeset/proud-tables-sip.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
+---
+
+`ERC7739Utils`: Add a library that implements a defensive rehashing mechanism to prevent replayability of smart contract signatures based on the ERC-7739.

.changeset/public-crabs-heal.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
+---
+
+`MultiSignerERC7913Weighted`: Extension of `MultiSignerERC7913` that supports assigning different weights to each signer, enabling more flexible governance schemes.

.changeset/quiet-kiwis-feel.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
+---
+
+`SignerERC7913`: Abstract signer that verifies signatures using the ERC-7913 workflow.

.changeset/rare-shirts-unite.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
+---
+
+`Arrays`: Add `unsafeAccess`, `unsafeMemoryAccess` and `unsafeSetLength` for `bytes[]` and `string[]`.

.changeset/rich-cows-repair.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
+---
+
+`InteroperableAddress`: Add a library for formatting and parsing ERC-7930 interoperable addresses.

.changeset/ripe-bears-hide.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
+---
+
+`ERC20Bridgeable`: Implementation of ERC-7802 that makes an ERC-20 compatible with crosschain bridges.

.changeset/rotten-apes-lie.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
+---
+
+`IERC7821`, `ERC7821`: Interface and logic for minimal batch execution. No support for additional `opData` is included.

.changeset/short-roses-judge.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
----
-
-`EIP712`: add EIP-5267 support for better domain discovery.

.changeset/silent-dancers-type.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
----
-
-`AccessControlDefaultAdminRules`: Add an extension of `AccessControl` with additional security rules for the `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE`.

.changeset/slimy-knives-hug.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
----
-
-`SignatureChecker`: Add `isValidERC1271SignatureNow` for checking a signature directly against a smart contract using ERC-1271.

.changeset/small-cars-appear.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': patch
----
-
-`ECDSA`: Add a function `toDataWithIntendedValidatorHash` that encodes data with version 0x00 following EIP-191.

.changeset/small-terms-sleep.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
----
-
-`SafeERC20`: Add a `forceApprove` function to improve compatibility with tokens behaving like USDT.

.changeset/social-walls-obey.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
+---
+
+`MultiSignerERC7913`: Implementation of `AbstractSigner` that supports multiple ERC-7913 signers with a threshold-based signature verification system.

.changeset/sour-pens-shake.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
+---
+
+`SignatureChecker`: Add support for ERC-7913 signatures alongside existing ECDSA and ERC-1271 signature verification.

.changeset/strong-bulldogs-buy.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
----
-
-`ERC1967Upgrade`: removed contract-wide `oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow delegatecall` annotation, replaced by granular annotation in `UUPSUpgradeable`.

.changeset/strong-points-change.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
+---
+
+`AccountERC7579Hooked`: Extension of `AccountERC7579` that implements support for ERC-7579 hook modules.

.changeset/tame-bears-mix.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
+---
+
+`AbstractSigner`, `SignerECDSA`, `SignerP256`, and `SignerRSA`: Add an abstract contract and various implementations for contracts that deal with signature verification.

.changeset/tame-ladybugs-sit.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': patch
----
-
-`MerkleProof`: optimize by using unchecked arithmetic. ([#3745](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3745))

.changeset/thin-dragons-report.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
----
-
-`ECDSA`: optimize bytes32 computation by using assembly instead of `abi.encodePacked`.

.changeset/thirty-swans-exercise.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
----
-
-`ERC721URIStorage`: Emit ERC-4906 `MetadataUpdate` in `_setTokenURI`.

.changeset/violet-frogs-hide.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
----
-
-`ShortStrings`: Added a library for handling short strings in a gas efficient way, with fallback to storage for longer strings.

.changeset/violet-turtles-like.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
+---
+
+`ECDSA`: Add `recoverCalldata` and `tryRecoverCalldata`, variants of `recover` and `tryRecover` that are more efficient when signatures are in calldata.

.changeset/warm-masks-obey.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
----
-
-`SignatureChecker`: Allow return data length greater than 32 from EIP-1271 signers.

.changeset/wet-dodos-reply.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
+---
+
+`Blockhash`: Add a library that provides access to historical block hashes using EIP-2935's history storage, extending the standard 256-block limit to 8191 blocks.

.changeset/whole-plums-speak.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
+---
+
+`SignatureChecker`: Add `isValidSignatureNowCalldata(address,bytes32,bytes calldata)` for efficient processing of calldata signatures.

.changeset/wild-baths-buy.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
+---
+
+`IERC7786`: Add the (draft) interface for ERC-7786 "Cross-Chain Messaging Gateway"

.changeset/yellow-swans-cover.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-'openzeppelin-solidity': minor
----
-
-`UUPSUpgradeable`: added granular `oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow-reachable` annotation to improve upgrade safety checks on latest version of the Upgrades Plugins (starting with `@openzeppelin/upgrades-core@1.21.0`).

.codecov.yml

@@ -10,3 +10,7 @@ coverage:
     project:
       default:
         threshold: 1%
+ignore:
+  - "test"
+  - "contracts/mocks"
+  - "contracts/vendor"

.eslintrc

@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "root": true,
-  "extends" : [
-    "eslint:recommended",
-    "prettier",
-  ],
-  "env": {
-    "es2022": true,
-    "browser": true,
-    "node": true,
-    "mocha": true,
-  },
-  "globals" : {
-    "artifacts": "readonly",
-    "contract": "readonly",
-    "web3": "readonly",
-    "extendEnvironment": "readonly",
-    "expect": "readonly",
-  }
-}

.github/CODEOWNERS

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# List of approvers/reviewers for OpenZeppelin Contracts
+#
+# Get in touch with us via the OpenZeppelin Forum
+#  https://forum.openzeppelin.com/
+# 
+# Learn about CODEOWNERS file format: 
+#  https://help.github.com/en/articles/about-code-owners
+
+# These owners will be the default owners for everything in the repo.
+* @OpenZeppelin/contracts

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.md

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ about: Report a bug in OpenZeppelin Contracts
 
 **💻 Environment**
 
-<!-- Tell us what version of OpenZeppelin Contracts you're using, and how you're using it: Truffle, Remix, etc. -->
+<!-- Tell us what version of OpenZeppelin Contracts you're using, and how you're using it: Hardhat, Remix, etc. -->
 
 **📝 Details**
 

.github/actions/gas-compare/action.yml

@@ -1,18 +1,19 @@
 name: Compare gas costs
+description: Compare gas costs between branches
 inputs:
   token:
-    description: github token
+    description: GitHub token, required to access GitHub API
     required: true
   report:
-    description: report to read from
+    description: Path to the report to compare
     required: false
     default: gasReporterOutput.json
   out_report:
-    description: report to read
+    description: Path to save the output report
     required: false
     default: ${{ github.ref_name }}.gasreport.json
   ref_report:
-    description: report to read from
+    description: Path to the reference report for comparison
     required: false
     default: ${{ github.base_ref }}.gasreport.json
 
@@ -43,7 +44,8 @@ runs:
       shell: bash
     - name: Save report
       if: github.event_name != 'pull_request'
-      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
       with:
         name: gasreport
+        overwrite: true
         path: ${{ inputs.out_report }}

.github/actions/setup/action.yml

@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 name: Setup
+description: Common environment setup
 
 runs:
   using: composite
   steps:
-    - uses: actions/setup-node@v3
+    - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
       with:
-        node-version: 14.x
-    - uses: actions/cache@v3
+        node-version: 22.x
+    - uses: actions/cache@v4
       id: cache
       with:
         path: '**/node_modules'
@@ -15,5 +16,7 @@ runs:
       run: npm ci
       shell: bash
       if: steps.cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
-      env:
-        SKIP_COMPILE: true
+    - name: Install Foundry
+      uses: foundry-rs/foundry-toolchain@v1
+      with:
+        version: stable

.github/actions/storage-layout/action.yml

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 name: Compare storage layouts
+description: Compare storage layouts between branches
 inputs:
   token:
     description: github token
@@ -49,7 +50,8 @@ runs:
       shell: bash
     - name: Save artifacts
       if: github.event_name != 'pull_request'
-      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
       with:
         name: layout
+        overwrite: true
         path: ${{ inputs.out_layout }}

.github/workflows/actionlint.yml

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ jobs:
   lint:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Add problem matchers
         run: |
           # https://github.com/rhysd/actionlint/blob/3a2f2c7/docs/usage.md#problem-matchers

.github/workflows/changeset.yml

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     if: ${{ !contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'ignore-changeset') }}
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0 # Include history so Changesets finds merge-base
       - name: Set up environment

.github/workflows/checks.yml

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ on:
   push:
     branches:
       - master
+      - next-v*
       - release-v*
   pull_request: {}
   workflow_dispatch: {}
@@ -12,12 +13,14 @@ concurrency:
   group: checks-${{ github.ref }}
   cancel-in-progress: true
 
+env:
+  NODE_OPTIONS: --max_old_space_size=8192
+
 jobs:
   lint:
-    if: github.repository != 'OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts-upgradeable'
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Set up environment
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup
       - run: npm run lint
@@ -26,71 +29,104 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     env:
       FORCE_COLOR: 1
-      NODE_OPTIONS: --max_old_space_size=4096
+      # Needed for "eth-gas-reporter" to produce a "gasReporterOutput.json" as documented in
+      # https://github.com/cgewecke/eth-gas-reporter/blob/v0.2.27/docs/gasReporterOutput.md
+      CI: true
       GAS: true
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Set up environment
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup
       - name: Run tests and generate gas report
         run: npm run test
       - name: Check linearisation of the inheritance graph
         run: npm run test:inheritance
-      - name: Check proceduraly generated contracts are up-to-date
-        if: github.repository != 'OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts-upgradeable'
+      - name: Check pragma validity
+        run: npm run test:pragma -- --concurrency 1
+      - name: Check procedurally generated contracts are up-to-date
         run: npm run test:generation
       - name: Compare gas costs
         uses: ./.github/actions/gas-compare
         with:
           token: ${{ github.token }}
+
+  tests-upgradeable:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    env:
+      FORCE_COLOR: 1
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0 # Include history so patch conflicts are resolved automatically
+      - name: Set up environment
+        uses: ./.github/actions/setup
+      - name: Copy non-upgradeable contracts as dependency
+        run: |
+          mkdir -p lib/openzeppelin-contracts
+          cp -rnT contracts lib/openzeppelin-contracts/contracts
+      - name: Transpile to upgradeable
+        run: bash scripts/upgradeable/transpile.sh
+      - name: Run tests
+        run: npm run test
+      - name: Check linearisation of the inheritance graph
+        run: npm run test:inheritance
+      - name: Check pragma validity
+        run: npm run test:pragma -- --concurrency 1
       - name: Check storage layout
         uses: ./.github/actions/storage-layout
+        continue-on-error: ${{ contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'breaking change') }}
         with:
           token: ${{ github.token }}
 
-  foundry-tests:
-    if: github.repository != 'OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts-upgradeable'
+  tests-foundry:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           submodules: recursive
-      - name: Install Foundry
-        uses: foundry-rs/foundry-toolchain@v1
-        with:
-          version: nightly
+      - name: Set up environment
+        uses: ./.github/actions/setup
       - name: Run tests
-        run: forge test -vv
+        run: forge test -vvv
 
   coverage:
-    if: github.repository != 'OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts-upgradeable'
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Set up environment
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup
-      - run: npm run coverage
+      - name: Run coverage
+        run: npm run coverage
+      - uses: codecov/codecov-action@v5
         env:
-          NODE_OPTIONS: --max_old_space_size=4096
-      - uses: codecov/codecov-action@v3
+          CODECOV_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
+
+  harnesses:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Set up environment
+        uses: ./.github/actions/setup
+      - name: Compile harnesses
+        run: |
+          make -C certora apply
+          npm run compile:harnesses
 
   slither:
-    if: github.repository != 'OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts-upgradeable'
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Set up environment
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup
-      - run: rm foundry.toml
-      - uses: crytic/slither-action@v0.3.0
+      - uses: crytic/slither-action@v0.4.1
 
   codespell:
-    if: github.repository != 'OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts-upgradeable'
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Run CodeSpell
-        uses: codespell-project/actions-codespell@v1.0
+        uses: codespell-project/actions-codespell@v2.1
         with:
+          check_hidden: true
           check_filenames: true
-          skip: package-lock.json,*.pdf
+          skip: package-lock.json,*.pdf,vendor

.github/workflows/docs.yml

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ jobs:
   build:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Set up environment
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup
       - run: bash scripts/git-user-config.sh

.github/workflows/formal-verification.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+name: formal verification
+
+on:
+  pull_request:
+    types:
+      - opened
+      - reopened
+      - synchronize
+      - labeled
+  workflow_dispatch: {}
+
+env:
+  PIP_VERSION: '3.11'
+  JAVA_VERSION: '11'
+  SOLC_VERSION: '0.8.20'
+
+concurrency: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
+
+jobs:
+  apply-diff:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Apply patches
+        run: make -C certora apply
+
+  verify:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    if: github.event_name != 'pull_request' || contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'formal-verification')
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+      - name: Set up environment
+        uses: ./.github/actions/setup
+      - name: identify specs that need to be run
+        id: arguments
+        run: |
+          if [[ ${{ github.event_name }} = 'pull_request' ]];
+          then
+            RESULT=$(git diff ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}..${{ github.event.pull_request.base.sha }} --name-only certora/specs/*.spec | while IFS= read -r file; do [[ -f $file ]] && basename "${file%.spec}"; done | tr "\n" " ")
+          else
+            RESULT='--all'
+          fi
+          echo "result=$RESULT" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+      - name: Install python
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+        with:
+          python-version: ${{ env.PIP_VERSION }}
+          cache: 'pip'
+          cache-dependency-path: 'fv-requirements.txt'
+      - name: Install python packages
+        run: pip install -r fv-requirements.txt
+      - name: Install java
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v4
+        with:
+          distribution: temurin
+          java-version: ${{ env.JAVA_VERSION }}
+      - name: Install solc
+        run: |
+          wget https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/releases/download/v${{ env.SOLC_VERSION }}/solc-static-linux
+          sudo mv solc-static-linux /usr/local/bin/solc
+          chmod +x /usr/local/bin/solc
+      - name: Verify specification
+        run: |
+          make -C certora apply
+          node certora/run.js ${{ steps.arguments.outputs.result }} >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+        env:
+          CERTORAKEY: ${{ secrets.CERTORAKEY }}
+
+  halmos:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Set up environment
+        uses: ./.github/actions/setup
+      - name: Install python
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+        with:
+          python-version: ${{ env.PIP_VERSION }}
+          cache: 'pip'
+          cache-dependency-path: 'fv-requirements.txt'
+      - name: Install python packages
+        run: pip install -r fv-requirements.txt
+      - name: Run Halmos
+        run: halmos --match-test '^symbolic|^testSymbolic' -vv

.github/workflows/release-cycle.yml

@@ -27,12 +27,12 @@ jobs:
       pull-requests: read
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Set up environment
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup
       - id: state
         name: Get state
-        uses: actions/github-script@v6
+        uses: actions/github-script@v7
         env:
           TRIGGERING_ACTOR: ${{ github.triggering_actor }}
         with:
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ jobs:
     if: needs.state.outputs.start == 'true'
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Set up environment
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup
       - run: bash scripts/git-user-config.sh
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ jobs:
         name: Create branch with release candidate
         run: bash scripts/release/workflow/start.sh
       - name: Re-run workflow
-        uses: actions/github-script@v6
+        uses: actions/github-script@v7
         env:
           REF: ${{ steps.start.outputs.branch }}
         with:
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ jobs:
     if: needs.state.outputs.promote == 'true'
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Set up environment
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup
       - run: bash scripts/git-user-config.sh
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ jobs:
         if: needs.state.outputs.is_prerelease == 'true'
         run: bash scripts/release/workflow/exit-prerelease.sh
       - name: Re-run workflow
-        uses: actions/github-script@v6
+        uses: actions/github-script@v7
         with:
           script: await require('./scripts/release/workflow/rerun.js')({ github, context })
 
@@ -102,13 +102,13 @@ jobs:
     if: needs.state.outputs.changesets == 'true'
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0 # To get all tags
       - name: Set up environment
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup
       - name: Set release title
-        uses: actions/github-script@v6
+        uses: actions/github-script@v7
         with:
           result-encoding: string
           script: await require('./scripts/release/workflow/set-changesets-pr-title.js')({ core })
@@ -131,10 +131,11 @@ jobs:
     environment: npm
     permissions:
       contents: write
+      id-token: write
     if: needs.state.outputs.publish == 'true'
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Set up environment
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup
       - id: pack
@@ -143,22 +144,19 @@ jobs:
         env:
           PRERELEASE: ${{ needs.state.outputs.is_prerelease }}
       - name: Upload tarball artifact
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
           name: ${{ github.ref_name }}
           path: ${{ steps.pack.outputs.tarball }}
-      - name: Tag
-        run: npx changeset tag
       - name: Publish
         run: bash scripts/release/workflow/publish.sh
         env:
           NPM_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}
           TARBALL: ${{ steps.pack.outputs.tarball }}
           TAG: ${{ steps.pack.outputs.tag }}
-      - name: Push tags
-        run: git push --tags
+          NPM_CONFIG_PROVENANCE: true
       - name: Create Github Release
-        uses: actions/github-script@v6
+        uses: actions/github-script@v7
         env:
           PRERELEASE: ${{ needs.state.outputs.is_prerelease }}
         with:
@@ -171,12 +169,10 @@ jobs:
     name: Tarball Integrity Check
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Download tarball artifact
         id: artifact
-        # Replace with actions/upload-artifact@v3 when
-        # https://github.com/actions/download-artifact/pull/194 gets released
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@e9ef242655d12993efdcda9058dee2db83a2cb9b
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
         with:
           name: ${{ github.ref_name }}
       - name: Check integrity
@@ -192,23 +188,27 @@ jobs:
       pull-requests: write
     if: needs.state.outputs.merge == 'true'
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    env:
+      MERGE_BRANCH: merge/${{ github.ref_name }}
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0 # All branches
       - name: Set up environment
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup
       - run: bash scripts/git-user-config.sh
       - name: Create branch to merge
-        run: bash scripts/release/workflow/prepare-release-merge.sh
+        run: |
+          git checkout -B "$MERGE_BRANCH" "$GITHUB_REF_NAME"
+          git push -f origin "$MERGE_BRANCH"
       - name: Create PR back to master
-        uses: actions/github-script@v6
+        uses: actions/github-script@v7
         with:
           script: |
             await github.rest.pulls.create({
               owner: context.repo.owner,
               repo: context.repo.repo,
-              head: 'merge/${{ github.ref_name }}',
+              head: process.env.MERGE_BRANCH,
               base: 'master',
               title: '${{ format('Merge {0} branch', github.ref_name) }}'
             });

.github/workflows/upgradeable.yml

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: Upgradeable Trigger
+name: transpile upgradeable
 
 on:
   push:
@@ -7,17 +7,28 @@ on:
       - release-v*
 
 jobs:
-  trigger:
+  transpile:
+    environment: push-upgradeable
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - id: app
-        uses: getsentry/action-github-app-token@v2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
-          app_id: ${{ secrets.UPGRADEABLE_APP_ID }}
-          private_key: ${{ secrets.UPGRADEABLE_APP_PK }}
-      - run: |
-          curl -X POST \
-            https://api.github.com/repos/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts-upgradeable/dispatches \
-            -H 'Accept: application/vnd.github.v3+json' \
-            -H 'Authorization: token ${{ steps.app.outputs.token }}' \
-            -d '{ "event_type": "Update", "client_payload": { "ref": "${{ github.ref }}" } }'
+          repository: OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts-upgradeable
+          fetch-depth: 0
+          token: ${{ secrets.GH_TOKEN_UPGRADEABLE }}
+      - name: Fetch current non-upgradeable branch
+        run: |
+          git fetch "$REMOTE" master # Fetch default branch first for patch to apply cleanly
+          git fetch "$REMOTE" "$REF"
+          git checkout FETCH_HEAD
+        env:
+          REF: ${{ github.ref }}
+          REMOTE: https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}.git
+      - name: Set up environment
+        uses: ./.github/actions/setup
+      - run: bash scripts/git-user-config.sh
+      - name: Transpile to upgradeable
+        run: bash scripts/upgradeable/transpile-onto.sh ${{ github.ref_name }} origin/${{ github.ref_name }}
+        env:
+          SUBMODULE_REMOTE: https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}.git
+      - run: git push origin ${{ github.ref_name }}

.gitignore

@@ -29,20 +29,15 @@ npm-debug.log
 # local env variables
 .env
 
-# truffle build directory
-build/
-
 # macOS
 .DS_Store
 
-# truffle
-.node-xmlhttprequest-*
-
 # IntelliJ IDE
 .idea
 
 # docs artifacts
 docs/modules/api
+build/site
 
 # only used to package @openzeppelin/contracts
 contracts/build/
@@ -63,8 +58,10 @@ contracts-exposed
 
 # Foundry
 /out
+/cache_forge
 
 # Certora
 .certora*
 .last_confs
 certora_*
+.zip-output-url.txt

.gitmodules

@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 [submodule "lib/forge-std"]
+	branch = v1
 	path = lib/forge-std
 	url = https://github.com/foundry-rs/forge-std
 [submodule "lib/erc4626-tests"]
 	path = lib/erc4626-tests
 	url = https://github.com/a16z/erc4626-tests.git
+[submodule "lib/halmos-cheatcodes"]
+	path = lib/halmos-cheatcodes
+	url = https://github.com/a16z/halmos-cheatcodes

.husky/pre-commit

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+npm run test:generation
+npx lint-staged

.prettierrc

@@ -10,5 +10,6 @@
         "singleQuote": false
       }
     }
-  ]
+  ],
+  "plugins": ["prettier-plugin-solidity"]
 }

.solcover.js

@@ -10,4 +10,12 @@ module.exports = {
     fgrep: '[skip-on-coverage]',
     invert: true,
   },
+  // Work around stack too deep for coverage
+  configureYulOptimizer: true,
+  solcOptimizerDetails: {
+    yul: true,
+    yulDetails: {
+      optimizerSteps: '',
+    },
+  },
 };

.solhint.json

@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "rules": {
-    "no-unused-vars": "error",
-    "const-name-snakecase": "error",
-    "contract-name-camelcase": "error",
-    "event-name-camelcase": "error",
-    "func-name-mixedcase": "error",
-    "func-param-name-mixedcase": "error",
-    "modifier-name-mixedcase": "error",
-    "private-vars-leading-underscore": "error",
-    "var-name-mixedcase": "error",
-    "imports-on-top": "error"
-  }
-}

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -2,6 +2,548 @@
 
 ### Breaking changes
 
+- Update minimum pragma to 0.8.24 in `SignatureChecker`, `Governor` and Governor's extensions. ([#5716](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5716)).
+
+## 5.3.0 (2025-04-09)
+
+### Breaking Changes
+
+- Replace `GovernorCountingOverridable.VoteReceipt` struct parameter member names `hasOverriden` and `overridenWeight` for `hasOverridden` and `overriddenWeight` respectively.
+
+#### Custom error changes
+
+- Replace `GovernorAlreadyOverridenVote` with `GovernorAlreadyOverriddenVote`.
+- Replace `GovernorOnlyProposer` with `GovernorUnableToCancel`.
+
+### Changes by category
+
+#### Account
+
+- `ERC4337Utils`: Update the `hash` function to call `getUserOpHash` on the specified entrypoint and add an `ENTRYPOINT_V08` constant. ([#5614](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5614))
+- `ERC7579Utils`: Add ABI decoding checks on calldata bounds within `decodeBatch`. ([#5371](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5371))
+- `ERC7579Utils`: Replace `address(0)` with `address(this)` during execution for calldata compression efficiency. ([#5614](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5614))
+
+#### Governance
+
+- `IGovernor`: Add the `getProposalId` function to the governor interface. ([#5290](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5290))
+- `GovernorProposalGuardian`: Add a governance extension that defines a proposal guardian who can cancel proposals at any stage in their lifecycle. ([#5303](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5303))
+- `GovernorSequentialProposalId`: Adds a `Governor` extension that sequentially numbers proposal ids instead of using the hash. ([#5290](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5290))
+- `GovernorSuperQuorum`: Add a governance extension to support a super quorum. Proposals that meet the super quorum (and have a majority of for votes) advance to the `Succeeded` state before the proposal deadline. ([#5526](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5526))
+- `GovernorVotesSuperQuorumFraction`: Add a variant of the `GovernorSuperQuorum` extensions where the super quorum is expressed as a fraction of the total supply. ([#5526](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5526))
+- `TimelockController`: Receive function is now virtual. ([#5509](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5509))
+
+#### Structures
+
+- `EnumerableSet`: Add `clear` function to EnumerableSets which deletes all values in the set. ([#5486](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5486))
+- `EnumerableMap`: Add `clear` function to EnumerableMaps which deletes all entries in the map. ([#5486](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5486))
+- `MerkleTree`: Add an update function that replaces a previously inserted leaf with a new value, updating the tree root along the way. ([#5526](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5526))
+
+#### Tokens
+
+- `ERC4626`: Use the `asset` getter in `totalAssets`, `_deposit` and `_withdraw`. ([#5322](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5322))
+- `IERC6909`: Add the interface for ERC-6909. ([#5343](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5343))
+- `ERC6909`: Add a standard implementation of ERC6909. ([#5394](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5394))
+- `ERC6909TokenSupply`: Add an extension of ERC6909 which tracks total supply for each token id. ([#5394](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5394))
+- `ERC6909Metadata`: Add an extension of ERC6909 which adds metadata functionality. ([#5394](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5394))
+- `ERC6909ContentURI`: Add an extension of ERC6909 which adds content URI functionality. ([#5394](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5394))
+- `SafeERC20`: Add `trySafeTransfer` and `trySafeTransferFrom` that do not revert and return false if the transfer is not successful. ([#5483](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5483))
+
+#### Other
+
+- `Address`: bubble up revert data on `sendValue` failed call. ([#5379](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5379))
+- `Calldata`: Library with `emptyBytes` and `emptyString` functions to generate empty `bytes` and `string` calldata types. ([#5422](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5422))
+- `ERC2771Forwarder`: Expose the `_isTrustedByTarget` internal function to check whether a target trusts the forwarder. ([#5416](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5416))
+- `Hashes`: Expose `efficientKeccak256` for hashing non-commutative pairs of bytes32 without allocating extra memory. ([#5442](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5442))
+- `Initializable`: Add `_initializableStorageSlot` function that returns a pointer to the storage struct. The function allows customizing with a custom storage slot with an `override`. ([#5526](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5526))
+- `Math`: Add `add512`, `mul512` and `mulShr`. ([#5526](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5526))
+- `Math`: Add saturating arithmetic operations `saturatingAdd`, `saturatingSub` and `saturatingMul`. ([#5526](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5526))
+- `MessageHashUtils`: Add `toDataWithIntendedValidatorHash(address, bytes32)`. ([#5526](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5526))
+- `P256`: Adjust precompile detection in `verifyNative` to consider empty `returndata` on invalid verification. Previously, invalid signatures would've reverted with a `MissingPrecompile` error in chains with RIP-7212 support. ([#5620](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5620))
+- `Pausable`: Stop explicitly setting `paused` to `false` during construction. ([#5448](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5448))
+- `Strings`: Add `espaceJSON` that escapes special characters in JSON strings. ([#5526](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5526))
+
+## 5.2.0 (2025-01-08)
+
+### Breaking Changes
+
+#### Custom error changes
+
+This version comes with changes to the custom error identifiers. Contracts previously depending on the following errors should be replaced accordingly:
+
+- Replace `Errors.FailedCall` with a bubbled-up revert reason in `Address.sendValue`.
+
+### Changes by category
+
+#### General
+
+- Update some pragma directives to ensure that all file requirements match that of the files they import. ([#5273](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5273))
+
+#### Account
+
+- `ERC4337Utils`: Add a reusable library to manipulate user operations and interact with ERC-4337 contracts ([#5274](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5274))
+- `ERC7579Utils`: Add a reusable library to interact with ERC-7579 modular accounts ([#5274](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5274))
+
+#### Governance
+
+- `GovernorCountingOverridable`: Add a governor counting module that enables token holders to override the vote of their delegate. ([#5192](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5192))
+- `VotesExtended`: Create an extension of `Votes` which checkpoints balances and delegates. ([#5192](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5192))
+
+### Proxy
+
+- `Clones`: Add `cloneWithImmutableArgs` and `cloneDeterministicWithImmutableArgs` variants that create clones with per-instance immutable arguments. The immutable arguments can be retrieved using `fetchCloneArgs`. The corresponding `predictDeterministicWithImmutableArgs` function is also included. ([#5109](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5109))
+
+### Tokens
+
+- `ERC1363Utils`: Add helper similar to the existing `ERC721Utils` and `ERC1155Utils` ([#5133](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5133))
+
+### Utils
+
+- `Address`: bubble up revert data on `sendValue` failed call ([#5418](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5418))
+- `Bytes`: Add a library of common operations that operate on `bytes` objects. ([#5252](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5252))
+- `CAIP2` and `CAIP10`: Add libraries for formatting and parsing CAIP-2 and CAIP-10 identifiers. ([#5252](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5252))
+- `NoncesKeyed`: Add a variant of `Nonces` that implements the ERC-4337 entrypoint nonce system. ([#5272](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5272))
+- `Packing`: Add variants for packing `bytes10` and `bytes22` ([#5274](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5274))
+- `Strings`: Add `parseUint`, `parseInt`, `parseHexUint` and `parseAddress` to parse strings into numbers and addresses. Also provide variants of these functions that parse substrings, and `tryXxx` variants that do not revert on invalid input. ([#5166](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5166))
+
+## 5.1.0 (2024-10-17)
+
+### Breaking changes
+
+- `ERC1967Utils`: Removed duplicate declaration of the `Upgraded`, `AdminChanged` and `BeaconUpgraded` events. These events are still available through the `IERC1967` interface located under the `contracts/interfaces/` directory. Minimum pragma version is now 0.8.21.
+- `Governor`, `GovernorCountingSimple`: The `_countVote` virtual function now returns an `uint256` with the total votes cast. This change allows for more flexibility for partial and fractional voting. Upgrading users may get a compilation error that can be fixed by adding a return statement to the `_countVote` function.
+
+#### Custom error changes
+
+This version comes with changes to the custom error identifiers. Contracts previously depending on the following errors should be replaced accordingly:
+
+- Replace `Address.FailedInnerCall` with `Errors.FailedCall`
+- Replace `Address.AddressInsufficientBalance` with `Errors.InsufficientBalance`
+- Replace `Clones.Create2InsufficientBalance` with `Errors.InsufficientBalance`
+- Replace `Clones.ERC1167FailedCreateClone` with `Errors.FailedDeployment`
+- Replace `Clones.Create2FailedDeployment` with `Errors.FailedDeployment`
+- `SafeERC20`: Replace `Address.AddressEmptyCode` with `SafeERC20FailedOperation` if there is no code at the token's address.
+- `SafeERC20`: Replace generic `Error(string)` with `SafeERC20FailedOperation` if the returned data can't be decoded as `bool`.
+- `SafeERC20`: Replace generic `SafeERC20FailedOperation` with the revert message from the contract call if it fails.
+
+### Changes by category
+
+#### General
+
+- `AccessManager`, `VestingWallet`, `TimelockController` and `ERC2771Forwarder`: Added a public `initializer` function in their corresponding upgradeable variants. ([#5008](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5008))
+
+#### Access
+
+- `AccessControlEnumerable`: Add a `getRoleMembers` method to return all accounts that have `role`. ([#4546](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4546))
+- `AccessManager`: Allow the `onlyAuthorized` modifier to restrict functions added to the manager. ([#5014](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5014))
+
+#### Finance
+
+- `VestingWalletCliff`: Add an extension of the `VestingWallet` contract with an added cliff. ([#4870](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4870))
+
+#### Governance
+
+- `GovernorCountingFractional`: Add a governor counting module that allows distributing voting power amongst 3 options (For, Against, Abstain). ([#5045](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5045))
+- `Votes`: Set `_moveDelegateVotes` visibility to internal instead of private. ([#5007](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5007))
+
+#### Proxy
+
+- `Clones`: Add version of `clone` and `cloneDeterministic` that support sending value at creation. ([#4936](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4936))
+- `TransparentUpgradeableProxy`: Make internal `_proxyAdmin()` getter have `view` visibility. ([#4688](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4688))
+- `ProxyAdmin`: Fixed documentation for `UPGRADE_INTERFACE_VERSION` getter. ([#5031](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5031))
+
+#### Tokens
+
+- `ERC1363`: Add implementation of the token payable standard allowing execution of contract code after transfers and approvals. ([#4631](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4631))
+- `ERC20TemporaryApproval`: Add an ERC-20 extension that implements temporary approval using transient storage, based on ERC7674 (draft). ([#5071](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5071))
+- `SafeERC20`: Add "relaxed" function for interacting with ERC-1363 functions in a way that is compatible with EOAs. ([#4631](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4631))
+- `SafeERC20`: Document risks of `safeIncreaseAllowance` and `safeDecreaseAllowance` when associated with ERC-7674. ([#5262](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5262))
+- `ERC721Utils` and `ERC1155Utils`: Add reusable libraries with functions to perform acceptance checks on `IERC721Receiver` and `IERC1155Receiver` implementers. ([#4845](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4845))
+- `ERC1363Utils`: Add helper similar to the existing ERC721Utils and ERC1155Utils. ([#5133](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5133))
+
+#### Utils
+
+- `Arrays`: add a `sort` functions for `address[]`, `bytes32[]` and `uint256[]` memory arrays. ([#4846](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4846))
+- `Arrays`: add new functions `lowerBound`, `upperBound`, `lowerBoundMemory` and `upperBoundMemory` for lookups in sorted arrays with potential duplicates. ([#4842](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4842))
+- `Arrays`: deprecate `findUpperBound` in favor of the new `lowerBound`. ([#4842](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4842))
+- `Base64`: Add `encodeURL` following section 5 of RFC4648 for URL encoding ([#4822](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4822))
+- `Comparator`: A library of comparator functions, useful for customizing the behavior of the Heap structure. ([#5084](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5084))
+- `Create2`: Bubbles up returndata from a deployed contract that reverted during construction. ([#5052](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5052))
+- `Create2`, `Clones`: Mask `computeAddress` and `cloneDeterministic` outputs to produce a clean value for an `address` type (i.e. only use 20 bytes) ([#4941](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4941))
+- `Errors`: New library of common custom errors. ([#4936](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4936))
+- `Hashes`: A library with commonly used hash functions. ([#3617](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3617))
+- `Packing`: Added a new utility for packing, extracting and replacing bytesXX values. ([#4992](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4992))
+- `Panic`: Add a library for reverting with panic codes. ([#3298](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3298))
+- `ReentrancyGuardTransient`: Added a variant of `ReentrancyGuard` that uses transient storage. ([#4988](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4988))
+- `Strings`: Added a utility function for converting an address to checksummed string. ([#5067](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5067))
+- `SlotDerivation`: Add a library of methods for derivating common storage slots. ([#4975](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4975))
+- `TransientSlot`: Add primitives for operating on the transient storage space using a typed-slot representation. ([#4980](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4980))
+
+##### Cryptography
+
+- `SignatureChecker`: refactor `isValidSignatureNow` to avoid validating ECDSA signatures if there is code deployed at the signer's address. ([#4951](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4951))
+- `MerkleProof`: Add variations of `verify`, `processProof`, `multiProofVerify` and `processMultiProof` (and equivalent calldata version) with support for custom hashing functions. ([#4887](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4887))
+- `P256`: Library for verification and public key recovery of P256 (aka secp256r1) signatures. ([#4881](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4881))
+- `RSA`: Library to verify signatures according to RFC 8017 Signature Verification Operation ([#4952](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4952))
+
+#### Math
+
+- `Math`: add an `invMod` function to get the modular multiplicative inverse of a number in Z/nZ. ([#4839](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4839))
+- `Math`: Add `modExp` function that exposes the `EIP-198` precompile. Includes `uint256` and `bytes memory` versions. ([#3298](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3298))
+- `Math`: Custom errors replaced with native panic codes. ([#3298](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3298))
+- `Math`, `SignedMath`: Add a branchless `ternary` function that computes`cond ? a : b` in constant gas cost. ([#4976](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4976))
+- `SafeCast`: Add `toUint(bool)` for operating on `bool` values as `uint256`. ([#4878](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4878))
+
+#### Structures
+
+- `CircularBuffer`: Add a data structure that stores the last `N` values pushed to it. ([#4913](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4913))
+- `DoubleEndedQueue`: Custom errors replaced with native panic codes. ([#4872](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4872))
+- `EnumerableMap`: add `UintToBytes32Map`, `AddressToAddressMap`, `AddressToBytes32Map` and `Bytes32ToAddressMap`. ([#4843](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4843))
+- `Heap`: A data structure that implements a heap-based priority queue. ([#5084](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/5084))
+- `MerkleTree`: A data structure that allows inserting elements into a merkle tree and updating its root hash. ([#3617](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3617))
+
+## 5.0.2 (2024-02-29)
+
+- `Base64`: Fix issue where dirty memory located just after the input buffer is affecting the result. ([#4926](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4926))
+
+## 5.0.1 (2023-12-07)
+
+- `ERC2771Context` and `Context`: Introduce a `_contextPrefixLength()` getter, used to trim extra information appended to `msg.data`.
+- `Multicall`: Make aware of non-canonical context (i.e. `msg.sender` is not `_msgSender()`), allowing compatibility with `ERC2771Context`.
+
+## 5.0.0 (2023-10-05)
+
+### Additions Summary
+
+The following contracts and libraries were added:
+
+- `AccessManager`: A consolidated system for managing access control in complex systems.
+  - `AccessManaged`: A module for connecting a contract to an authority in charge of its access control.
+  - `GovernorTimelockAccess`: An adapter for time-locking governance proposals using an `AccessManager`.
+  - `AuthorityUtils`: A library of utilities for interacting with authority contracts.
+- `GovernorStorage`: A Governor module that stores proposal details in storage.
+- `ERC2771Forwarder`: An ERC2771 forwarder for meta transactions.
+- `ERC1967Utils`: A library with ERC1967 events, errors and getters.
+- `Nonces`: An abstraction for managing account nonces.
+- `MessageHashUtils`: A library for producing digests for ECDSA operations.
+- `Time`: A library with helpers for manipulating time-related objects.
+
+### Removals Summary
+
+The following contracts, libraries, and functions were removed:
+
+- `Address.isContract` (because of its ambiguous nature and potential for misuse)
+- `Checkpoints.History`
+- `Counters`
+- `ERC20Snapshot`
+- `ERC20VotesComp`
+- `ERC165Storage` (in favor of inheritance based approach)
+- `ERC777`
+- `ERC1820Implementer`
+- `GovernorVotesComp`
+- `GovernorProposalThreshold` (deprecated since 4.4)
+- `PaymentSplitter`
+- `PullPayment`
+- `SafeMath`
+- `SignedSafeMath`
+- `Timers`
+- `TokenTimelock` (in favor of `VestingWallet`)
+- All escrow contracts (`Escrow`, `ConditionalEscrow` and `RefundEscrow`)
+- All cross-chain contracts, including `AccessControlCrossChain` and all the vendored bridge interfaces
+- All presets in favor of [OpenZeppelin Contracts Wizard](https://wizard.openzeppelin.com/)
+
+These removals were implemented in the following PRs: [#3637](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3637), [#3880](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3880), [#3945](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3945), [#4258](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4258), [#4276](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4276), [#4289](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4289)
+
+### Changes by category
+
+#### General
+
+- Replaced revert strings and require statements with custom errors. ([#4261](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4261))
+- Bumped minimum compiler version required to 0.8.20 ([#4288](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4288), [#4489](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4489))
+- Use of `abi.encodeCall` in place of `abi.encodeWithSelector` and `abi.encodeWithSignature` for improved type-checking of parameters ([#4293](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4293))
+- Replaced some uses of `abi.encodePacked` with clearer alternatives (e.g. `bytes.concat`, `string.concat`). ([#4504](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4504)) ([#4296](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4296))
+- Overrides are now used internally for a number of functions that were previously hardcoded to their default implementation in certain locations: `ERC1155Supply.totalSupply`, `ERC721.ownerOf`, `ERC721.balanceOf` and `ERC721.totalSupply` in `ERC721Enumerable`, `ERC20.totalSupply` in `ERC20FlashMint`, and `ERC1967._getImplementation` in `ERC1967Proxy`. ([#4299](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4299))
+- Removed the `override` specifier from functions that only override a single interface function. ([#4315](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4315))
+- Switched to using explicit Solidity import statements. Some previously available symbols may now have to be separately imported. ([#4399](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4399))
+- `Governor`, `Initializable`, and `UUPSUpgradeable`: Use internal functions in modifiers to optimize bytecode size. ([#4472](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4472))
+- Upgradeable contracts now use namespaced storage (EIP-7201). ([#4534](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4534))
+- Upgradeable contracts no longer transpile interfaces and libraries. ([#4628](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4628))
+
+#### Access
+
+- `Ownable`: Added an `initialOwner` parameter to the constructor, making the ownership initialization explicit. ([#4267](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4267))
+- `Ownable`: Prevent using address(0) as the initial owner. ([#4531](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4531))
+- `AccessControl`: Added a boolean return value to the internal `_grantRole` and `_revokeRole` functions indicating whether the role was granted or revoked. ([#4241](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4241))
+- `access`: Moved `AccessControl` extensions to a dedicated directory. ([#4359](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4359))
+- `AccessManager`: Added a new contract for managing access control of complex systems in a consolidated location. ([#4121](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4121))
+- `AccessManager`, `AccessManaged`, `GovernorTimelockAccess`: Ensure that calldata shorter than 4 bytes is not padded to 4 bytes. ([#4624](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4624))
+- `AccessManager`: Use named return parameters in functions that return multiple values. ([#4624](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4624))
+- `AccessManager`: Make `schedule` and `execute` more conservative when delay is 0. ([#4644](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4644))
+
+#### Finance
+
+- `VestingWallet`: Fixed revert during 1 second time window when duration is 0. ([#4502](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4502))
+- `VestingWallet`: Use `Ownable` instead of an immutable `beneficiary`. ([#4508](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4508))
+
+#### Governance
+
+- `Governor`: Optimized use of storage for proposal data ([#4268](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4268))
+- `Governor`: Added validation in ERC1155 and ERC721 receiver hooks to ensure Governor is the executor. ([#4314](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4314))
+- `Governor`: Refactored internals to implement common queuing logic in the core module of the Governor. Added `queue` and `_queueOperations` functions that act at different levels. Modules that implement queuing via timelocks are expected to override `_queueOperations` to implement the timelock-specific logic. Added `_executeOperations` as the equivalent for execution. ([#4360](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4360))
+- `Governor`: Added `voter` and `nonce` parameters in signed ballots, to avoid forging signatures for random addresses, prevent signature replay, and allow invalidating signatures. Add `voter` as a new parameter in the `castVoteBySig` and `castVoteWithReasonAndParamsBySig` functions. ([#4378](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4378))
+- `Governor`: Added support for casting votes with ERC-1271 signatures by using a `bytes memory signature` instead of `r`, `s` and `v` arguments in the `castVoteBySig` and `castVoteWithReasonAndParamsBySig` functions. ([#4418](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4418))
+- `Governor`: Added a mechanism to restrict the address of the proposer using a suffix in the description.
+- `GovernorStorage`: Added a new governor extension that stores the proposal details in storage, with an interface that operates on `proposalId`, as well as proposal enumerability. This replaces the old `GovernorCompatibilityBravo` module. ([#4360](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4360))
+- `GovernorTimelockAccess`: Added a module to connect a governor with an instance of `AccessManager`, allowing the governor to make calls that are delay-restricted by the manager using the normal `queue` workflow. ([#4523](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4523))
+- `GovernorTimelockControl`: Clean up timelock id on execution for gas refund. ([#4118](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4118))
+- `GovernorTimelockControl`: Added the Governor instance address as part of the TimelockController operation `salt` to avoid operation id collisions between governors using the same TimelockController. ([#4432](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4432))
+- `TimelockController`: Changed the role architecture to use `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` as the admin for all roles, instead of the bespoke `TIMELOCK_ADMIN_ROLE` that was used previously. This aligns with the general recommendation for `AccessControl` and makes the addition of new roles easier. Accordingly, the `admin` parameter and timelock will now be granted `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` instead of `TIMELOCK_ADMIN_ROLE`. ([#3799](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3799))
+- `TimelockController`: Added a state getter that returns an `OperationState` enum. ([#4358](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4358))
+- `Votes`: Use Trace208 for checkpoints. This enables EIP-6372 clock support for keys but reduces the max supported voting power to uint208. ([#4539](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4539))
+
+#### Metatx
+
+- `ERC2771Forwarder`: Added `deadline` for expiring transactions, batching, and more secure handling of `msg.value`. ([#4346](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4346))
+- `ERC2771Context`: Return the forwarder address whenever the `msg.data` of a call originating from a trusted forwarder is not long enough to contain the request signer address (i.e. `msg.data.length` is less than 20 bytes), as specified by ERC-2771. ([#4481](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4481))
+- `ERC2771Context`: Prevent revert in `_msgData()` when a call originating from a trusted forwarder is not long enough to contain the request signer address (i.e. `msg.data.length` is less than 20 bytes). Return the full calldata in that case. ([#4484](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4484))
+
+#### Proxy
+
+- `ProxyAdmin`: Removed `getProxyAdmin` and `getProxyImplementation` getters. ([#3820](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3820))
+- `TransparentUpgradeableProxy`: Removed `admin` and `implementation` getters, which were only callable by the proxy owner and thus not very useful. ([#3820](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3820))
+- `ERC1967Utils`: Refactored the `ERC1967Upgrade` abstract contract as a library. ([#4325](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4325))
+- `TransparentUpgradeableProxy`: Admin is now stored in an immutable variable (set during construction) to avoid unnecessary storage reads on every proxy call. This removed the ability to ever change the admin. Transfer of the upgrade capability is exclusively handled through the ownership of the `ProxyAdmin`. ([#4354](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4354))
+- Moved the logic to validate ERC-1822 during an upgrade from `ERC1967Utils` to `UUPSUpgradeable`. ([#4356](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4356))
+- `UUPSUpgradeable`, `TransparentUpgradeableProxy` and `ProxyAdmin`: Removed `upgradeTo` and `upgrade` functions, and made `upgradeToAndCall` and `upgradeAndCall` ignore the data argument if it is empty. It is no longer possible to invoke the receive function (or send value with empty data) along with an upgrade. ([#4382](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4382))
+- `BeaconProxy`: Reject value in initialization unless a payable function is explicitly invoked. ([#4382](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4382))
+- `Proxy`: Removed redundant `receive` function. ([#4434](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4434))
+- `BeaconProxy`: Use an immutable variable to store the address of the beacon. It is no longer possible for a `BeaconProxy` to upgrade by changing to another beacon. ([#4435](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4435))
+- `Initializable`: Use the namespaced storage pattern to avoid putting critical variables in slot 0. Allow reinitializer versions greater than 256. ([#4460](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4460))
+- `Initializable`: Use intermediate variables to improve readability. ([#4576](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4576))
+
+#### Token
+
+- `ERC20`, `ERC721`, `ERC1155`: Deleted `_beforeTokenTransfer` and `_afterTokenTransfer` hooks, added a new internal `_update` function for customizations, and refactored all extensions using those hooks to use `_update` instead. ([#3838](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3838), [#3876](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3876), [#4377](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4377))
+- `ERC20`: Removed `Approval` event previously emitted in `transferFrom` to indicate that part of the allowance was consumed. With this change, allowances are no longer reconstructible from events. See the code for guidelines on how to re-enable this event if needed. ([#4370](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4370))
+- `ERC20`: Removed the non-standard `increaseAllowance` and `decreaseAllowance` functions. ([#4585](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4585))
+- `ERC20Votes`: Changed internal vote accounting to reusable `Votes` module previously used by `ERC721Votes`. Removed implicit `ERC20Permit` inheritance. Note that the `DOMAIN_SEPARATOR` getter was previously guaranteed to be available for `ERC20Votes` contracts, but is no longer available unless `ERC20Permit` is explicitly used; ERC-5267 support is included in `ERC20Votes` with `EIP712` and is recommended as an alternative. ([#3816](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3816))
+- `SafeERC20`: Refactored `safeDecreaseAllowance` and `safeIncreaseAllowance` to support USDT-like tokens. ([#4260](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4260))
+- `SafeERC20`: Removed `safePermit` in favor of documentation-only `permit` recommendations. Based on recommendations from @trust1995 ([#4582](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4582))
+- `ERC721`: `_approve` no longer allows approving the owner of the tokenId. ([#4377](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/issues/4377)) `_setApprovalForAll` no longer allows setting address(0) as an operator. ([#4377](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4377))
+- `ERC721`: Renamed `_requireMinted` to `_requireOwned` and added a return value with the current owner. Implemented `ownerOf` in terms of `_requireOwned`. ([#4566](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4566))
+- `ERC721Consecutive`: Added a `_firstConsecutiveId` internal function that can be overridden to change the id of the first token minted through `_mintConsecutive`. ([#4097](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4097))
+- `ERC721URIStorage`: Allow setting the token URI prior to minting. ([#4559](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4559))
+- `ERC721URIStorage`, `ERC721Royalty`: Stop resetting token-specific URI and royalties when burning. ([#4561](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4561))
+- `ERC1155`: Optimized array allocation. ([#4196](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4196))
+- `ERC1155`: Removed check for address zero in `balanceOf`. ([#4263](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4263))
+- `ERC1155`: Optimized array accesses by skipping bounds checking when unnecessary. ([#4300](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4300))
+- `ERC1155`: Bubble errors triggered in the `onERC1155Received` and `onERC1155BatchReceived` hooks. ([#4314](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4314))
+- `ERC1155Supply`: Added a `totalSupply()` function that returns the total amount of token circulating, this change will restrict the total tokens minted across all ids to 2\*\*256-1 . ([#3962](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3962))
+- `ERC1155Receiver`: Removed in favor of `ERC1155Holder`. ([#4450](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4450))
+
+#### Utils
+
+- `Address`: Removed the ability to customize error messages. A common custom error is always used if the underlying revert reason cannot be bubbled up. ([#4502](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4502))
+- `Arrays`: Added `unsafeMemoryAccess` helpers to read from a memory array without checking the length. ([#4300](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4300))
+- `Arrays`: Optimized `findUpperBound` by removing redundant SLOAD. ([#4442](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4442))
+- `Checkpoints`: Library moved from `utils` to `utils/structs` ([#4275](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4275))
+- `DoubleEndedQueue`: Refactored internal structure to use `uint128` instead of `int128`. This has no effect on the library interface. ([#4150](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4150))
+- `ECDSA`: Use unchecked arithmetic for the `tryRecover` function that receives the `r` and `vs` short-signature fields separately. ([#4301](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4301))
+- `EIP712`: Added internal getters for the name and version strings ([#4303](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4303))
+- `Math`: Makes `ceilDiv` to revert on 0 division even if the numerator is 0 ([#4348](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4348))
+- `Math`: Optimized stack operations in `mulDiv`. ([#4494](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4494))
+- `Math`: Renamed members of `Rounding` enum, and added a new rounding mode for "away from zero". ([#4455](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4455))
+- `MerkleProof`: Use custom error to report invalid multiproof instead of reverting with overflow panic. ([#4564](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4564))
+- `MessageHashUtils`: Added a new library for creating message digest to be used along with signing or recovery such as ECDSA or ERC-1271. These functions are moved from the `ECDSA` library. ([#4430](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4430))
+- `Nonces`: Added a new contract to keep track of user nonces. Used for signatures in `ERC20Permit`, `ERC20Votes`, and `ERC721Votes`. ([#3816](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3816))
+- `ReentrancyGuard`, `Pausable`: Moved to `utils` directory. ([#4551](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4551))
+- `Strings`: Renamed `toString(int256)` to `toStringSigned(int256)`. ([#4330](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4330))
+- Optimized `Strings.equal` ([#4262](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4262))
+
+### How to migrate from 4.x
+
+#### ERC20, ERC721, and ERC1155
+
+These breaking changes will require modifications to ERC20, ERC721, and ERC1155 contracts, since the `_afterTokenTransfer` and `_beforeTokenTransfer` functions were removed. Thus, any customization made through those hooks should now be done overriding the new `_update` function instead.
+
+Minting and burning are implemented by `_update` and customizations should be done by overriding this function as well. `_transfer`, `_mint` and `_burn` are no longer virtual (meaning they are not overridable) to guard against possible inconsistencies.
+
+For example, a contract using `ERC20`'s `_beforeTokenTransfer` hook would have to be changed in the following way.
+
+```diff
+-function _beforeTokenTransfer(
++function _update(
+   address from,
+   address to,
+   uint256 amount
+ ) internal virtual override {
+-  super._beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);
+   require(!condition(), "ERC20: wrong condition");
++  super._update(from, to, amount);
+ }
+```
+
+#### More about ERC721
+
+In the case of `ERC721`, the `_update` function does not include a `from` parameter, as the sender is implicitly the previous owner of the `tokenId`. The address of this previous owner is returned by the `_update` function, so it can be used for a posteriori checks. In addition to `to` and `tokenId`, a third parameter (`auth`) is present in this function. This parameter enabled an optional check that the caller/spender is approved to do the transfer. This check cannot be performed after the transfer (because the transfer resets the approval), and doing it before `_update` would require a duplicate call to `_ownerOf`.
+
+In this logic of removing hidden SLOADs, the `_isApprovedOrOwner` function was removed in favor of a new `_isAuthorized` function. Overrides that used to target the `_isApprovedOrOwner` should now be performed on the `_isAuthorized` function. Calls to `_isApprovedOrOwner` that preceded a call to `_transfer`, `_burn` or `_approve` should be removed in favor of using the `auth` argument in `_update` and `_approve`. This is showcased in `ERC721Burnable.burn` and in `ERC721Wrapper.withdrawTo`.
+
+The `_exists` function was removed. Calls to this function can be replaced by `_ownerOf(tokenId) != address(0)`.
+
+#### More about ERC1155
+
+Batch transfers will now emit `TransferSingle` if the batch consists of a single token, while in previous versions the `TransferBatch` event would be used for all transfers initiated through `safeBatchTransferFrom`. Both behaviors are compliant with the ERC-1155 specification.
+
+#### ERC165Storage
+
+Users that were registering EIP-165 interfaces with `_registerInterface` from `ERC165Storage` should instead do so by overriding the `supportsInterface` function as seen below:
+
+```solidity
+function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
+  return interfaceId == type(MyInterface).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
+}
+```
+
+#### SafeMath
+
+Methods in SafeMath superseded by native overflow checks in Solidity 0.8.0 were removed along with operations providing an interface for revert strings. The remaining methods were moved to `utils/Math.sol`.
+
+```diff
+- import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/math/SafeMath.sol";
++ import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/math/Math.sol";
+
+ function tryOperations(uint256 x, uint256 y) external view {
+-  (bool overflowsAdd, uint256 resultAdd) = SafeMath.tryAdd(x, y);
++  (bool overflowsAdd, uint256 resultAdd) = Math.tryAdd(x, y);
+-  (bool overflowsSub, uint256 resultSub) = SafeMath.trySub(x, y);
++  (bool overflowsSub, uint256 resultSub) = Math.trySub(x, y);
+-  (bool overflowsMul, uint256 resultMul) = SafeMath.tryMul(x, y);
++  (bool overflowsMul, uint256 resultMul) = Math.tryMul(x, y);
+-  (bool overflowsDiv, uint256 resultDiv) = SafeMath.tryDiv(x, y);
++  (bool overflowsDiv, uint256 resultDiv) = Math.tryDiv(x, y);
+   // ...
+ }
+```
+
+#### Adapting Governor modules
+
+Custom Governor modules that override internal functions may require modifications if migrated to v5. In particular, the new internal functions `_queueOperations` and `_executeOperations` may need to be used. If assistance with this migration is needed reach out via the [OpenZeppelin Support Forum](https://forum.openzeppelin.com/c/support/contracts/18).
+
+#### ECDSA and MessageHashUtils
+
+The `ECDSA` library is now focused on signer recovery. Previously it also included utility methods for producing digests to be used with signing or recovery. These utilities have been moved to the `MessageHashUtils` library and should be imported if needed:
+
+```diff
+ import {ECDSA} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol";
++import {MessageHashUtils} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/cryptography/MessageHashUtils.sol";
+
+ contract Verifier {
+   using ECDSA for bytes32;
++  using MessageHashUtils for bytes32;
+
+   function _verify(bytes32 data, bytes memory signature, address account) internal pure returns (bool) {
+     return data
+       .toEthSignedMessageHash()
+       .recover(signature) == account;
+   }
+ }
+```
+
+#### Interfaces and libraries in upgradeable contracts
+
+The upgradeable version of the contracts library used to include a variant suffixed with `Upgradeable` for every contract. These variants, which are produced automatically, mainly include changes for dealing with storage that don't apply to libraries and interfaces.
+
+The upgradeable library no longer includes upgradeable variants for libraries and interfaces. Projects migrating to 5.0 should replace their library and interface imports with their corresponding non-upgradeable version:
+
+```diff
+ // Libraries
+-import {AddressUpgradeable} from '@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/utils/AddressUpgradeable.sol';
++import {Address} from '@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Address.sol';
+
+ // Interfaces
+-import {IERC20Upgradeable} from '@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/interfaces/IERC20.sol';
++import {IERC20} from '@openzeppelin/contracts/interfaces/IERC20.sol';
+```
+
+#### Offchain Considerations
+
+Some changes may affect offchain systems if they rely on assumptions that are changed along with these new breaking changes. These cases are:
+
+##### Relying on revert strings for processing errors
+
+A concrete example is AccessControl, where it was previously advised to catch revert reasons using the following regex:
+
+```
+/^AccessControl: account (0x[0-9a-f]{40}) is missing role (0x[0-9a-f]{64})$/
+```
+
+Instead, contracts now revert with custom errors. Systems that interact with smart contracts outside of the network should consider reliance on revert strings and possibly support the new custom errors.
+
+##### Relying on storage locations for retrieving data
+
+After 5.0, the storage location of some variables was changed. This is the case for `Initializable` and all the upgradeable contracts since they now use namespaced storage locations. Any system relying on storage locations for retrieving data or detecting capabilities should be updated to support these new locations.
+
+## 4.9.6 (2024-02-29)
+
+- `Base64`: Fix issue where dirty memory located just after the input buffer is affecting the result. ([#4929](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4929))
+
+## 4.9.5 (2023-12-08)
+
+- `Multicall`: Make aware of non-canonical context (i.e. `msg.sender` is not `_msgSender()`), allowing compatibility with `ERC2771Context`. Patch duplicated `Address.functionDelegateCall` in v4.9.4 (removed).
+
+## 4.9.3 (2023-07-28)
+
+- `ERC2771Context`: Return the forwarder address whenever the `msg.data` of a call originating from a trusted forwarder is not long enough to contain the request signer address (i.e. `msg.data.length` is less than 20 bytes), as specified by ERC-2771. ([#4481](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4481))
+- `ERC2771Context`: Prevent revert in `_msgData()` when a call originating from a trusted forwarder is not long enough to contain the request signer address (i.e. `msg.data.length` is less than 20 bytes). Return the full calldata in that case. ([#4484](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4484))
+
+## 4.9.2 (2023-06-16)
+
+- `MerkleProof`: Fix a bug in `processMultiProof` and `processMultiProofCalldata` that allows proving arbitrary leaves if the tree contains a node with value 0 at depth 1.
+
+## 4.9.1 (2023-06-07)
+
+- `Governor`: Add a mechanism to restrict the address of the proposer using a suffix in the description.
+
+## 4.9.0 (2023-05-23)
+
+- `ReentrancyGuard`: Add a `_reentrancyGuardEntered` function to expose the guard status. ([#3714](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3714))
+- `ERC721Wrapper`: add a new extension of the `ERC721` token which wraps an underlying token. Deposit and withdraw guarantee that the ownership of each token is backed by a corresponding underlying token with the same identifier. ([#3863](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3863))
+- `EnumerableMap`: add a `keys()` function that returns an array containing all the keys. ([#3920](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3920))
+- `Governor`: add a public `cancel(uint256)` function. ([#3983](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3983))
+- `Governor`: Enable timestamp operation for blockchains without a stable block time. This is achieved by connecting a Governor's internal clock to match a voting token's EIP-6372 interface. ([#3934](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3934))
+- `Strings`: add `equal` method. ([#3774](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3774))
+- `IERC5313`: Add an interface for EIP-5313 that is now final. ([#4013](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4013))
+- `IERC4906`: Add an interface for ERC-4906 that is now Final. ([#4012](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4012))
+- `StorageSlot`: Add support for `string` and `bytes`. ([#4008](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4008))
+- `Votes`, `ERC20Votes`, `ERC721Votes`: support timestamp checkpointing using EIP-6372. ([#3934](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3934))
+- `ERC4626`: Add mitigation to the inflation attack through virtual shares and assets. ([#3979](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3979))
+- `Strings`: add `toString` method for signed integers. ([#3773](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3773))
+- `ERC20Wrapper`: Make the `underlying` variable private and add a public accessor. ([#4029](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4029))
+- `EIP712`: add EIP-5267 support for better domain discovery. ([#3969](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3969))
+- `AccessControlDefaultAdminRules`: Add an extension of `AccessControl` with additional security rules for the `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE`. ([#4009](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4009))
+- `SignatureChecker`: Add `isValidERC1271SignatureNow` for checking a signature directly against a smart contract using ERC-1271. ([#3932](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3932))
+- `SafeERC20`: Add a `forceApprove` function to improve compatibility with tokens behaving like USDT. ([#4067](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4067))
+- `ERC1967Upgrade`: removed contract-wide `oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow delegatecall` annotation, replaced by granular annotation in `UUPSUpgradeable`. ([#3971](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3971))
+- `ERC20Wrapper`: self wrapping and deposit by the wrapper itself are now explicitly forbidden. ([#4100](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4100))
+- `ECDSA`: optimize bytes32 computation by using assembly instead of `abi.encodePacked`. ([#3853](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3853))
+- `ERC721URIStorage`: Emit ERC-4906 `MetadataUpdate` in `_setTokenURI`. ([#4012](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4012))
+- `ShortStrings`: Added a library for handling short strings in a gas efficient way, with fallback to storage for longer strings. ([#4023](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4023))
+- `SignatureChecker`: Allow return data length greater than 32 from EIP-1271 signers. ([#4038](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4038))
+- `UUPSUpgradeable`: added granular `oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow-reachable` annotation to improve upgrade safety checks on latest version of the Upgrades Plugins (starting with `@openzeppelin/upgrades-core@1.21.0`). ([#3971](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3971))
+- `Initializable`: optimize `_disableInitializers` by using `!=` instead of `<`. ([#3787](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3787))
+- `Ownable2Step`: make `acceptOwnership` public virtual to enable usecases that require overriding it. ([#3960](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3960))
+- `UUPSUpgradeable.sol`: Change visibility to the functions `upgradeTo ` and `upgradeToAndCall ` from `external` to `public`. ([#3959](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3959))
+- `TimelockController`: Add the `CallSalt` event to emit on operation schedule. ([#4001](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4001))
+- Reformatted codebase with latest version of Prettier Solidity. ([#3898](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3898))
+- `Math`: optimize `log256` rounding check. ([#3745](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3745))
+- `ERC20Votes`: optimize by using unchecked arithmetic. ([#3748](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3748))
+- `Multicall`: annotate `multicall` function as upgrade safe to not raise a flag for its delegatecall. ([#3961](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3961))
+- `ERC20Pausable`, `ERC721Pausable`, `ERC1155Pausable`: Add note regarding missing public pausing functionality ([#4007](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4007))
+- `ECDSA`: Add a function `toDataWithIntendedValidatorHash` that encodes data with version 0x00 following EIP-191. ([#4063](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4063))
+- `MerkleProof`: optimize by using unchecked arithmetic. ([#3745](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3745))
+
+### Breaking changes
+
 - `EIP712`: Addition of ERC5267 support requires support for user defined value types, which was released in Solidity version 0.8.8. This requires a pragma change from `^0.8.0` to `^0.8.8`.
 - `EIP712`: Optimization of the cache for the upgradeable version affects the way `name` and `version` are set. This is no longer done through an initializer, and is instead part of the implementation's constructor. As a consequence, all proxies using the same implementation will necessarily share the same `name` and `version`. Additionally, an implementation upgrade risks changing the EIP712 domain unless the same `name` and `version` are used when deploying the new implementation contract.
 
@@ -12,6 +554,19 @@
 - `ERC777`: The `ERC777` token standard is no longer supported by OpenZeppelin. Our implementation is now deprecated and will be removed in the next major release. The corresponding standard interfaces remain available. ([#4066](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4066))
 - `ERC1820Implementer`: The `ERC1820` pseudo-introspection mechanism is no longer supported by OpenZeppelin. Our implementation is now deprecated and will be removed in the next major release. The corresponding standard interfaces remain available. ([#4066](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4066))
 
+## 4.8.3 (2023-04-13)
+
+- `GovernorCompatibilityBravo`: Fix encoding of proposal data when signatures are missing.
+- `TransparentUpgradeableProxy`: Fix transparency in case of selector clash with non-decodable calldata or payable mutability. ([#4154](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4154))
+
+## 4.8.2 (2023-03-02)
+
+- `ERC721Consecutive`: Fixed a bug when `_mintConsecutive` is used for batches of size 1 that could lead to balance overflow. Refer to the breaking changes section in the changelog for a note on the behavior of `ERC721._beforeTokenTransfer`.
+
+### Breaking changes
+
+- `ERC721`: The internal function `_beforeTokenTransfer` no longer updates balances, which it previously did when `batchSize` was greater than 1. This change has no consequence unless a custom ERC721 extension is explicitly invoking `_beforeTokenTransfer`. Balance updates in extensions must now be done explicitly using `__unsafe_increaseBalance`, with a name that indicates that there is an invariant that has to be manually verified.
+
 ## 4.8.1 (2023-01-12)
 
 - `ERC4626`: Use staticcall instead of call when fetching underlying ERC-20 decimals. ([#3943](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/3943))
@@ -312,7 +867,7 @@ It is no longer possible to call an `initializer`-protected function from within
 This release includes two small breaking changes in `TimelockController`.
 
 1. The `onlyRole` modifier in this contract was designed to let anyone through if the role was granted to `address(0)`,
-   allowing the possibility to to make a role "open", which can be used for `EXECUTOR_ROLE`. This modifier is now
+   allowing the possibility to make a role "open", which can be used for `EXECUTOR_ROLE`. This modifier is now
    replaced by `AccessControl.onlyRole`, which does not have this ability. The previous behavior was moved to the
    modifier `TimelockController.onlyRoleOrOpenRole`.
 2. It was possible to make `PROPOSER_ROLE` an open role (as described in the previous item) if it was granted to

CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ In the interest of fostering an open and welcoming environment, we as
 contributors and maintainers pledge to making participation in our project and
 our community a harassment-free experience for everyone, regardless of age, body
 size, disability, ethnicity, sex characteristics, gender identity and expression,
-level of experience, education, socio-economic status, nationality, personal
+level of experience, education, socioeconomic status, nationality, personal
 appearance, race, religion, or sexual identity and orientation.
 
 ## Our Standards

FUNDING.json

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+  "drips": {
+    "ethereum": {
+      "ownedBy": "0xAeb37910f93486C85A1F8F994b67E8187554d664"
+    }
+  },
+  "opRetro": {
+    "projectId": "0x939241afa4c4b9e1dda6b8250baa8f04fa8b0debce738cfd324c0b18f9926d25"
+  }
+}

GUIDELINES.md

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ Code must be thoroughly tested with quality unit tests.
 
 We defer to the [Moloch Testing Guide](https://github.com/MolochVentures/moloch/tree/master/test#readme) for specific recommendations, though not all of it is relevant here. Note the introduction:
 
-> Tests should be written, not only to verify correctness of the target code, but to be comprehensively reviewed by other programmers. Therefore, for mission critical Solidity code, the quality of the tests are just as important (if not more so) than the code itself, and should be written with the highest standards of clarity and elegance.
+> Tests should be written, not only to verify correctness of the target code, but to be comprehensively reviewed by other programmers. Therefore, for mission critical Solidity code, the quality of the tests is just as important (if not more so) than the code itself, and should be written to the highest standards of clarity and elegance.
 
 Every addition or change to the code must come with relevant and comprehensive tests.
 
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ External contributions must be reviewed separately by multiple maintainers.
 
 Automation should be used as much as possible to reduce the possibility of human error and forgetfulness.
 
-Automations that make use of sensitive credentials must use secure secret management, and must be strengthened against attacks such as [those on GitHub Actions worklows](https://github.com/nikitastupin/pwnhub).
+Automations that make use of sensitive credentials must use secure secret management, and must be strengthened against attacks such as [those on GitHub Actions workflows](https://github.com/nikitastupin/pwnhub).
 
 Some other examples of automation are:
 
@@ -95,8 +95,18 @@ In addition to the official Solidity Style Guide we have a number of other conve
   }
   ```
 
-* Events should be emitted immediately after the state change that they
-  represent, and should be named in the past tense.
+* Functions should be declared virtual, with few exceptions listed below. The
+  contract logic should be written considering that these functions may be
+  overridden by developers, e.g. getting a value using an internal getter rather
+  than reading directly from a state variable.
+
+  If function A is an "alias" of function B, i.e. it invokes function B without
+  significant additional logic, then function A should not be virtual so that
+  any user overrides are implemented on B, preventing inconsistencies.
+
+* Events should generally be emitted immediately after the state change that they
+  represent, and should be named in the past tense. Some exceptions may be made for gas
+  efficiency if the result doesn't affect observable ordering of events.
 
   ```solidity
   function _burn(address who, uint256 value) internal {
@@ -105,7 +115,7 @@ In addition to the official Solidity Style Guide we have a number of other conve
   }
   ```
 
-  Some standards (e.g. ERC20) use present tense, and in those cases the
+  Some standards (e.g. ERC-20) use present tense, and in those cases the
   standard specification is used.
   
 * Interface names should have a capital I prefix.
@@ -114,4 +124,32 @@ In addition to the official Solidity Style Guide we have a number of other conve
   interface IERC777 {
   ```
 
+* Contracts not intended to be used standalone should be marked abstract
+  so they are required to be inherited to other contracts.
+
+  ```solidity
+  abstract contract AccessControl is ..., {
+  ```
+
+* Return values are generally not named, unless they are not immediately clear or there are multiple return values.
+
+  ```solidity
+  function expiration() public view returns (uint256) { // Good
+  function hasRole() public view returns (bool isMember, uint32 currentDelay) { // Good
+  ```
+
 * Unchecked arithmetic blocks should contain comments explaining why overflow is guaranteed not to happen. If the reason is immediately apparent from the line above the unchecked block, the comment may be omitted.
+
+* Custom errors should be declared following the [EIP-6093](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6093) rationale whenever reasonable. Also, consider the following:
+  
+  * The domain prefix should be picked in the following order:
+    1. Use `ERC<number>` if the error is a violation of an ERC specification.
+    2. Use the name of the underlying component where it belongs (eg. `Governor`, `ECDSA`, or `Timelock`).
+
+  * The location of custom errors should be decided in the following order:
+    1. Take the errors from their underlying ERCs if they're already defined.
+    2. Declare the errors in the underlying interface/library if the error makes sense in its context.
+    3. Declare the error in the implementation if the underlying interface/library is not suitable to do so (eg. interface/library already specified in an ERC).
+    4. Declare the error in an extension if the error only happens in such extension or child contracts.
+
+  * Custom error names should not be declared twice along the library to avoid duplicated identifier declarations when inheriting from multiple contracts.

LICENSE

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 The MIT License (MIT)
 
-Copyright (c) 2016-2023 zOS Global Limited and contributors
+Copyright (c) 2016-2025 Zeppelin Group Ltd
 
 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
 a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the

README.md

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 # <img src="logo.svg" alt="OpenZeppelin" height="40px">
 
+[![Github Release](https://img.shields.io/github/v/tag/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts.svg?filter=v*&sort=semver&label=github)](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/releases/latest)
 [![NPM Package](https://img.shields.io/npm/v/@openzeppelin/contracts.svg)](https://www.npmjs.org/package/@openzeppelin/contracts)
 [![Coverage Status](https://codecov.io/gh/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/graph/badge.svg)](https://codecov.io/gh/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts)
 [![GitPOAPs](https://public-api.gitpoap.io/v1/repo/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/badge)](https://www.gitpoap.io/gh/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts)
 [![Docs](https://img.shields.io/badge/docs-%F0%9F%93%84-yellow)](https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts)
-[![Forum](https://img.shields.io/badge/forum-%F0%9F%92%AC-yellow)](https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts)
+[![Forum](https://img.shields.io/badge/forum-%F0%9F%92%AC-yellow)](https://forum.openzeppelin.com/)
 
 **A library for secure smart contract development.** Build on a solid foundation of community-vetted code.
 
@@ -14,28 +15,43 @@
 
 :mage: **Not sure how to get started?** Check out [Contracts Wizard](https://wizard.openzeppelin.com/) — an interactive smart contract generator.
 
-:building_construction: **Want to scale your decentralized application?** Check out [OpenZeppelin Defender](https://openzeppelin.com/defender) — a secure platform for automating and monitoring your operations.
+:building_construction: **Want to scale your decentralized application?** Check out [OpenZeppelin Defender](https://openzeppelin.com/defender) — a mission-critical developer security platform to code, audit, deploy, monitor, and operate with confidence.
+
+> [!IMPORTANT]
+> OpenZeppelin Contracts uses semantic versioning to communicate backwards compatibility of its API and storage layout. For upgradeable contracts, the storage layout of different major versions should be assumed incompatible, for example, it is unsafe to upgrade from 4.9.3 to 5.0.0. Learn more at [Backwards Compatibility](https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/backwards-compatibility).
 
 ## Overview
 
 ### Installation
 
+#### Hardhat (npm)
+
 ```
 $ npm install @openzeppelin/contracts
 ```
 
-OpenZeppelin Contracts features a [stable API](https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/releases-stability#api-stability), which means that your contracts won't break unexpectedly when upgrading to a newer minor version.
+#### Foundry (git)
 
-An alternative to npm is to use the GitHub repository (`openzeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts`) to retrieve the contracts. When doing this, make sure to specify the tag for a release such as `v4.5.0`, instead of using the `master` branch.
+> [!WARNING]
+> When installing via git, it is a common error to use the `master` branch. This is a development branch that should be avoided in favor of tagged releases. The release process involves security measures that the `master` branch does not guarantee.
+
+> [!WARNING]
+> Foundry installs the latest version initially, but subsequent `forge update` commands will use the `master` branch.
+
+```
+$ forge install OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts
+```
+
+Add `@openzeppelin/contracts/=lib/openzeppelin-contracts/contracts/` in `remappings.txt.`
 
 ### Usage
 
 Once installed, you can use the contracts in the library by importing them:
 
 ```solidity
-pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
+pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
 
-import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC721/ERC721.sol";
+import {ERC721} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC721/ERC721.sol";
 
 contract MyCollectible is ERC721 {
     constructor() ERC721("MyCollectible", "MCO") {
@@ -55,9 +71,9 @@ The guides in the [documentation site](https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts)
 * [Tokens](https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/tokens): create tradeable assets or collectives, and distribute them via [Crowdsales](https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/crowdsales).
 * [Utilities](https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/utilities): generic useful tools including non-overflowing math, signature verification, and trustless paying systems.
 
-The [full API](https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/api/token/ERC20) is also thoroughly documented, and serves as a great reference when developing your smart contract application. You can also ask for help or follow Contracts's development in the [community forum](https://forum.openzeppelin.com).
+The [full API](https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/api/token/ERC20) is also thoroughly documented, and serves as a great reference when developing your smart contract application. You can also ask for help or follow Contracts' development in the [community forum](https://forum.openzeppelin.com).
 
-Finally, you may want to take a look at the [guides on our blog](https://blog.openzeppelin.com/guides), which cover several common use cases and good practices. The following articles provide great background reading, though please note that some of the referenced tools have changed, as the tooling in the ecosystem continues to rapidly evolve.
+Finally, you may want to take a look at the [guides on our blog](https://blog.openzeppelin.com/), which cover several common use cases and good practices. The following articles provide great background reading, though please note that some of the referenced tools have changed, as the tooling in the ecosystem continues to rapidly evolve.
 
 * [The Hitchhiker’s Guide to Smart Contracts in Ethereum](https://blog.openzeppelin.com/the-hitchhikers-guide-to-smart-contracts-in-ethereum-848f08001f05) will help you get an overview of the various tools available for smart contract development, and help you set up your environment.
 * [A Gentle Introduction to Ethereum Programming, Part 1](https://blog.openzeppelin.com/a-gentle-introduction-to-ethereum-programming-part-1-783cc7796094) provides very useful information on an introductory level, including many basic concepts from the Ethereum platform.
@@ -67,13 +83,15 @@ Finally, you may want to take a look at the [guides on our blog](https://blog.op
 
 This project is maintained by [OpenZeppelin](https://openzeppelin.com) with the goal of providing a secure and reliable library of smart contract components for the ecosystem. We address security through risk management in various areas such as engineering and open source best practices, scoping and API design, multi-layered review processes, and incident response preparedness.
 
-The security policy is detailed in [`SECURITY.md`](./SECURITY.md), and specifies how you can report security vulnerabilities, which versions will receive security patches, and how to stay informed about them. We run a [bug bounty program on Immunefi](https://immunefi.com/bounty/openzeppelin) to reward the responsible disclosure of vulnerabilities.
+The [OpenZeppelin Contracts Security Center](https://contracts.openzeppelin.com/security) contains more details about the secure development process.
+
+The security policy is detailed in [`SECURITY.md`](./SECURITY.md) as well, and specifies how you can report security vulnerabilities, which versions will receive security patches, and how to stay informed about them. We run a [bug bounty program on Immunefi](https://immunefi.com/bounty/openzeppelin) to reward the responsible disclosure of vulnerabilities.
 
 The engineering guidelines we follow to promote project quality can be found in [`GUIDELINES.md`](./GUIDELINES.md).
 
 Past audits can be found in [`audits/`](./audits).
 
-Smart contracts are a nascent techology and carry a high level of technical risk and uncertainty. Although OpenZeppelin is well known for its security audits, using OpenZeppelin Contracts is not a substitute for a security audit.
+Smart contracts are a nascent technology and carry a high level of technical risk and uncertainty. Although OpenZeppelin is well known for its security audits, using OpenZeppelin Contracts is not a substitute for a security audit.
 
 OpenZeppelin Contracts is made available under the MIT License, which disclaims all warranties in relation to the project and which limits the liability of those that contribute and maintain the project, including OpenZeppelin. As set out further in the Terms, you acknowledge that you are solely responsible for any use of OpenZeppelin Contracts and you assume all risks associated with any such use.
 

RELEASING.md

@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
 # Releasing
 
-> Visit the documentation for [details about release schedule](https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/releases-stability).
-
-OpenZeppelin Contracts uses a fully automated release process that takes care of compiling, packaging, and publishing the library, all of which is carried out in a clean CI environment (GitHub Actions), implemented in the ([`release-cycle`](.github/workflows/release-cycle.yml)) workflow. This helps to reduce the potential for human error and inconsistencies, and ensures that the release process is ongoing and reliable.
+OpenZeppelin Contracts uses a fully automated release process that takes care of compiling, packaging, and publishing the library, all of which is carried out in a clean CI environment (GitHub Actions), implemented in the [`release-cycle`](.github/workflows/release-cycle.yml) workflow. This helps to reduce the potential for human error and inconsistencies, and ensures that the release process is consistent and reliable.
 
 ## Changesets
 
-[Changesets](https://github.com/changesets/changesets/) is used as part of our release process for `CHANGELOG.md` management. Each change that is relevant for the codebase is expected to include a changeset.
+[Changesets](https://github.com/changesets/changesets/) are used as part of our release process for `CHANGELOG.md` management. Each change that is relevant for the codebase is expected to include a changeset.
 
 ## Branching model
 

SECURITY.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ Security vulnerabilities should be disclosed to the project maintainers through
 
 Responsible disclosure of security vulnerabilities is rewarded through a bug bounty program on [Immunefi].
 
-There is a bonus reward for issues introduced in release candidates that are reported before making it into a stable release.
+There is a bonus reward for issues introduced in release candidates that are reported before making it into a stable release. Learn more about release candidates at [`RELEASING.md`](./RELEASING.md).
 
 ## Security Patches
 
@@ -30,13 +30,14 @@ Only critical severity bug fixes will be backported to past major releases.
 
 | Version | Critical security fixes | Other security fixes |
 | ------- | ----------------------- | -------------------- |
-| 4.x     | :white_check_mark:      | :white_check_mark:   |
+| 5.x     | :white_check_mark:      | :white_check_mark:   |
+| 4.9     | :white_check_mark:      | :x:                  |
 | 3.4     | :white_check_mark:      | :x:                  |
-| 2.5     | :white_check_mark:      | :x:                  |
+| 2.5     | :x:                     | :x:                  |
 | < 2.0   | :x:                     | :x:                  |
 
 Note as well that the Solidity language itself only guarantees security updates for the latest release.
 
 ## Legal
 
-Smart contracts are a nascent techology and carry a high level of technical risk and uncertainty.  OpenZeppelin Contracts is made available under the MIT License, which disclaims all warranties in relation to the project and which limits the liability of those that contribute and maintain the project, including OpenZeppelin. Your use of the project is also governed by the terms found at www.openzeppelin.com/tos (the "Terms"). As set out in the Terms, you are solely responsible for any use of OpenZeppelin Contracts and you assume all risks associated with any such use. This Security Policy in no way evidences or represents an on-going duty by any contributor, including OpenZeppelin, to correct any flaws or alert you to all or any of the potential risks of utilizing the project.
+Blockchain is a nascent technology and carries a high level of risk and uncertainty. OpenZeppelin makes certain software available under open source licenses, which disclaim all warranties in relation to the project and which limits the liability of OpenZeppelin. Subject to any particular licensing terms, your use of the project is governed by the terms found at [www.openzeppelin.com/tos](https://www.openzeppelin.com/tos) (the "Terms"). As set out in the Terms, you are solely responsible for any use of the project and you assume all risks associated with any such use. This Security Policy in no way evidences or represents an ongoing duty by any contributor, including OpenZeppelin, to correct any issues or vulnerabilities or alert you to all or any of the risks of utilizing the project.

audits/2017-03.md

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ The git commit hash we evaluated is:
 
 # Disclaimer
 
-The audit makes no statements or warrantees about utility of the code, safety of the code, suitability of the business model, regulatory regime for the business model, or any other statements about fitness of the contracts to purpose, or their bugfree status. The audit documentation is for discussion purposes only.
+The audit makes no statements or warranties about utility of the code, safety of the code, suitability of the business model, regulatory regime for the business model, or any other statements about fitness of the contracts to purpose, or their bug free status. The audit documentation is for discussion purposes only.
 
 # Executive Summary
 
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ We are still working through the confirmation protocol in `Shareable.sol`, but w
 This bug has a number of causes that need to be addressed:
 
 1. `resetSpentToday` and `confirm` together do not limit the days on which the function can be called or (it appears) the number of times it can be called.
-1. Once a call has been confirmed and `execute`d it appears that it can be re-executed. This is not good.
+1. Once a call has been confirmed and executed it appears that it can be re-executed. This is not good.
 3. `confirmandCheck` doesn't seem to have logic about whether or not the function in question has been called.
 4. Even if it did, `revoke` would need updates and logic to deal with revocation requests after a function call had been completed.
 
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ It would be nice to see how many payments are pending. This would imply a bit of
 
 ## Shareable Contract
 
-We do not believe the `Shareable.sol` contract is ready for primetime. It is missing functions, and as written may be vulnerable to a reordering attack -- an attack in which a miner or other party "racing" with a smart contract participant inserts their own information into a list or mapping.
+We do not believe the `Shareable.sol` contract is ready for prime time. It is missing functions, and as written may be vulnerable to a reordering attack -- an attack in which a miner or other party "racing" with a smart contract participant inserts their own information into a list or mapping.
 
 The confirmation and revocation code needs to be looked over with a very careful eye imagining extraordinarily bad behavior by shared owners before this contract can be called safe.
 
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ Allows owner to set a public string of contract information. No issues.
 
 This needs some work. Doesn't check if `_required <= len(_owners)` for instance, that would be a bummer. What if _required were like `MAX - 1`?
 
-I have a general concern about the difference between `owners`, `_owners`, and `owner` in `Ownable.sol`. I recommend "Owners" be renamed. In general we do not recomment single character differences in variable names, although a preceding underscore is not uncommon in Solidity code.
+I have a general concern about the difference between `owners`, `_owners`, and `owner` in `Ownable.sol`. I recommend "Owners" be renamed. In general we do not recommend single character differences in variable names, although a preceding underscore is not uncommon in Solidity code.
 
 Line 34: "this contract only has six types of events"...actually only two.
 
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ Transfer() and transferFrom() use SafeMath functions, which will cause them to t
 
 ### SimpleToken
 
-Sample instantiation of StandardToken. Note that in this sample, decimals is 18 and supply only 10,000, so the supply is a small fraction of a single nominal token.
+Sample instantiation of StandardToken. Note that in this sample, decimals is 18 and supply is only 10,000, so the supply is a small fraction of a single nominal token.
 
 ### CrowdsaleToken