* Update ReentrancyGuard for Istanbul Hard Fork
Changes:
Added L37, `_guardCounter = 1;`
Rationale:
The planned _Istanbul Hard Fork_ will implement [EIP 2200](e4d4ea348e/EIPS/eip-2200.md), which implements "net gas metering" for `sstore` operations. If the final value of `_guardCounter` is unchanged relative to the original value of it, a gas refund will be applied and charges for changing the value of `_guardCounter` will effectively not exist. This ends up being cheaper than the current implementation ONLY AFTER Istanbul. Before Istanbul, the added line actually ends up costing more gas.
Note that if `_guardCounter` is `0` initially, the initial cost and subsequent refund will both be larger than if `_guardCounter` is `1` initially. Although in both cases, the net gas cost (`gasCost - gasRefund`) are equal, it's better in terms of cost to have both the gas cost and refund smaller, as there is some limit to the percentage of a gas refund that can actually be realized.
* Update CHANGELOG.md
Added note for change to ReentrancyGuard.sol
* Update ReentrancyGuard.sol
* Update CHANGELOG.md
33047ffddc