Branchless ternary, min and max methods (#4976)

Co-authored-by: Hadrien Croubois <hadrien.croubois@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Ernesto García <ernestognw@gmail.com>

contracts/utils/math/SignedMath.sol

@@ -3,22 +3,40 @@
 
 pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
 
+import {SafeCast} from "./SafeCast.sol";
+
 /**
  * @dev Standard signed math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
  */
 library SignedMath {
+    /**
+     * @dev Branchless ternary evaluation for `a ? b : c`. Gas costs are constant.
+     *
+     * IMPORTANT: This function may reduce bytecode size and consume less gas when used standalone.
+     * However, the compiler may optimize Solidity ternary operations (i.e. `a ? b : c`) to only compute
+     * one branch when needed, making this function more expensive.
+     */
+    function ternary(bool condition, int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
+        unchecked {
+            // branchless terinary works because:
+            // b ^ (a ^ b) == a
+            // b ^ 0 == b
+            return b ^ ((a ^ b) * int256(SafeCast.toUint(condition)));
+        }
+    }
+
     /**
      * @dev Returns the largest of two signed numbers.
      */
     function max(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
-        return a > b ? a : b;
+        return ternary(a > b, a, b);
     }
 
     /**
      * @dev Returns the smallest of two signed numbers.
      */
     function min(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
-        return a < b ? a : b;
+        return ternary(a < b, a, b);
     }
 
     /**